[quote name='swiftcoder' timestamp='1330359915' post='4917034']
Isn't that exactly what you want? Just the biological differences (though keep in mind that even chimps have culturally-influenced gender roles/education).
If you are willing to give up the biological differences argument, well, then we are all happy to agree with you that 'within current cultural context, males show increased aptitude for mathematics versus females'.
We could just do a study of the Mosuo and another Patriarchal city somewhere in the tibet-ish region of China. I'm pretty sure someone has already done this and shown that biology has nothing to do with it.
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That would not work either. We don't know that the culture has influenced female evolution the same way it has in the US. For example one study shows
women are getting more beautiful. And another study shows that
women are getting shorter and heavier. However, with the last one I would argue that they are only heavier because they had more children. Anyway, culture has a strong influence on mate selection and as a result it has a strong influence on evolution.