Using DDraw | GameDev.net

JwayneT · 2000-04-28T17:13:29+00:00

Hello, I am a newbie here, so please be kind. This forum looked the best place to post my question. I have read John De Goes'' book on how to build an engine, and I have about three years of working with C++. But I don''t know where to get started with DDraw. I want to write a software rastarizer before I attempt to write to 3D acceleration. How do I use DDraw?

here''s a demo from Tricks of the Windows Game Programming Gururs (or whatever) by Andre Lamoth. You have to instruct the compiler to include ddraw.lib also.

// DEMO7_5.CPP 8-bit page flipping demo

// INCLUDES ///////////////////////////////////////////////

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // just say no to MFC

#define INITGUID

#include // include important windows stuff
#include
#include
#include // include important C/C++ stuff
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include

#include // include directdraw

// DEFINES ////////////////////////////////////////////////

// defines for windows
#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME "WINCLASS1"

// default screen size
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 640 // size of screen
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480
#define SCREEN_BPP 8 // bits per pixel

// TYPES //////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// basic unsigned types
typedef unsigned short USHORT;
typedef unsigned short WORD;
typedef unsigned char UCHAR;
typedef unsigned char BYTE;

// MACROS /////////////////////////////////////////////////

#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)

// initializes a direct draw struct
#define DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddstruct) { memset(&ddstruct,0,sizeof(ddstruct)); ddstruct.dwSize=sizeof(ddstruct); }

// GLOBALS ////////////////////////////////////////////////
HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // globally track main window
int window_closed = 0; // tracks if window is closed
HINSTANCE hinstance_app = NULL; // globally track hinstance

// directdraw stuff
LPDIRECTDRAW4 lpdd4 = NULL; // dd4 object
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE4 lpddsprimary = NULL; // dd primary surface
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE4 lpddsback = NULL; // dd back surface
LPDIRECTDRAWPALETTE lpddpal = NULL; // a pointer to the created dd palette
LPDIRECTDRAWCLIPPER lpddclipper = NULL; // dd clipper
PALETTEENTRY palette[256]; // color palette
PALETTEENTRY save_palette[256]; // used to save palettes
DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // a direct draw surface description struct
DDBLTFX ddbltfx; // used to fill
DDSCAPS2 ddscaps; // a direct draw surface capabilities struct
HRESULT ddrval; // result back from dd calls
DWORD start_clock_count = 0; // used for timing

char buffer[80]; // general printing buffer

// FUNCTIONS //////////////////////////////////////////////

LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd,
UINT msg,
WPARAM wparam,
LPARAM lparam)
{
// this is the main message handler of the system
PAINTSTRUCT ps; // used in WM_PAINT
HDC hdc; // handle to a device context
char buffer[80]; // used to print strings

// what is the message
switch(msg)
{
case WM_CREATE:
{
// do initialization stuff here
// return success
return(0);
} break;

case WM_PAINT:
{
// simply validate the window
hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);

// end painting
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);

// return success
return(0);
} break;

case WM_DESTROY:
{

// kill the application, this sends a WM_QUIT message
PostQuitMessage(0);

// return success
return(0);
} break;

default:break;

} // end switch

// process any messages that we didn''t take care of
return (DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam));

} // end WinProc

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int Game_Main(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{
// this is the main loop of the game, do all your processing
// here

// make sure this isn''t executed again
if (window_closed)
return(0);

// for now test if user is hitting ESC and send WM_CLOSE
if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE))
{
PostMessage(main_window_handle,WM_CLOSE,0,0);
window_closed = 1;
} // end if

// lock the back buffer
DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd);
lpddsback->Lock(NULL,&ddsd, DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR / DDLOCK_WAIT,NULL);

// alias pointer to back buffer surface
UCHAR *back_buffer = (UCHAR *)ddsd.lpSurface;

// now clear the back buffer out

// linear memory?
if (ddsd.lPitch == SCREEN_WIDTH)
memset(back_buffer,0,SCREEN_WIDTH*SCREEN_HEIGHT);
else
{
// non-linear memory

// make copy of video pointer
UCHAR *dest_ptr = back_buffer;

// clear out memory one line at a time
for (int y=0; y {
// clear next line
memset(dest_ptr,0,SCREEN_WIDTH);

// advance pointer to next line
dest_ptr+=ddsd.lPitch;

} // end for y

} // end else

// you would perform game logic...

// draw the next frame into the back buffer, notice that we
// must use the lpitch since it''s a surface and may not be linear

// plot 5000 random pixels
for (int index=0; index < 5000; index++)
{
int x = rand()%SCREEN_WIDTH;
int y = rand()%SCREEN_HEIGHT;
UCHAR col = rand()%256;
back_buffer[x+y*ddsd.lPitch] = col;
} // end for index

// unlock the back buffer
if (FAILED(lpddsback->Unlock(NULL)))
return(0);

// perform the flip
while (FAILED(lpddsprimary->Flip(NULL, DDFLIP_WAIT)));

// wait a sec
Sleep(500);

// return success or failure or your own return code here
return(1);

} // end Game_Main

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int Game_Init(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{
// this is called once after the initial window is created and
// before the main event loop is entered, do all your initialization
// here

LPDIRECTDRAW lpdd_temp;

// first create base IDirectDraw interface
if (FAILED(DirectDrawCreate(NULL, &lpdd_temp, NULL)))
return(0);

// now query for IDirectDraw4
if (FAILED(lpdd_temp->QueryInterface(IID_IDirectDraw4,
(LPVOID *)&lpdd4)))
return(0);

// set cooperation to full screen
if (FAILED(lpdd4->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle,
DDSCL_FULLSCREEN / DDSCL_ALLOWMODEX /
DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE / DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT)))
return(0);

// set display mode to 640x480x8
if (FAILED(lpdd4->SetDisplayMode(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_BPP,0,0)))
return(0);

// clear ddsd and set size
DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd);

// enable valid fields
ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS / DDSD_BACKBUFFERCOUNT;

// set the backbuffer count field to 1, use 2 for triple buffering
ddsd.dwBackBufferCount = 1;

// request a complex, flippable
ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE / DDSCAPS_COMPLEX / DDSCAPS_FLIP;

// create the primary surface
if (FAILED(lpdd4->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &lpddsprimary, NULL)))
return(0);

// now query for attached surface from the primary surface

// this line is needed by the call
ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_BACKBUFFER;

// get the attached back buffer surface
if (FAILED(lpddsprimary->GetAttachedSurface(&ddsd.ddsCaps, &lpddsback)))
return(0);

// build up the palette data array
for (int color=1; color < 255; color++)
{
// fill with random RGB values
palette[color].peRed = rand()%256;
palette[color].peGreen = rand()%256;
palette[color].peBlue = rand()%256;

// set flags field to PC_NOCOLLAPSE
palette[color].peFlags = PC_NOCOLLAPSE;
} // end for color

// now fill in entry 0 and 255 with black and white
palette[0].peRed = 0;
palette[0].peGreen = 0;
palette[0].peBlue = 0;
palette[0].peFlags = PC_NOCOLLAPSE;

palette[255].peRed = 255;
palette[255].peGreen = 255;
palette[255].peBlue = 255;
palette[255].peFlags = PC_NOCOLLAPSE;

// create the palette object
if (FAILED(lpdd4->CreatePalette(DDPCAPS_8BIT / DDPCAPS_ALLOW256 /
DDPCAPS_INITIALIZE,
palette,&lpddpal, NULL)))
return(0);

// finally attach the palette to the primary surface
if (FAILED(lpddsprimary->SetPalette(lpddpal)))
return(0);

// return success or failure or your own return code here
return(1);

} // end Game_Init

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int Game_Shutdown(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0)
{
// this is called after the game is exited and the main event
// loop while is exited, do all you cleanup and shutdown here

// first the palette
if (lpddpal)
{
lpddpal->Release();
lpddpal = NULL;
} // end if

// now the back buffer surface
if (lpddsback)
{
lpddsback->Release();
lpddsback = NULL;
} // end if

// now the primary surface
if (lpddsprimary)
{
lpddsprimary->Release();
lpddsprimary = NULL;
} // end if

// now blow away the IDirectDraw4 interface
if (lpdd4)
{
lpdd4->Release();
lpdd4 = NULL;
} // end if

// return success or failure or your own return code here
return(1);

} // end Game_Shutdown

// WINMAIN ////////////////////////////////////////////////

int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hinstance,
HINSTANCE hprevinstance,
LPSTR lpcmdline,
int ncmdshow)
{

WNDCLASSEX winclass; // this will hold the class we create
HWND hwnd; // generic window handle
MSG msg; // generic message
HDC hdc; // graphics device context

// first fill in the window class stucture
winclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
winclass.style = CS_DBLCLKS / CS_OWNDC /
CS_HREDRAW / CS_VREDRAW;
winclass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
winclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
winclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
winclass.hInstance = hinstance;
winclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
winclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
winclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
winclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
winclass.lpszClassName = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
winclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);

// save hinstance in global
hinstance_app = hinstance;

// register the window class
if (!RegisterClassEx(&winclass))
return(0);

// create the window
if (!(hwnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, // extended style
WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, // class
"DirectDraw Page Flipping Demo", // title
WS_POPUP / WS_VISIBLE,
0,0, // initial x,y
SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT, // initial width, height
NULL, // handle to parent
NULL, // handle to menu
hinstance,// instance of this application
NULL))) // extra creation parms
return(0);

// save main window handle
main_window_handle = hwnd;

// initialize game here
Game_Init();

// enter main event loop
while(TRUE)
{
// test if there is a message in queue, if so get it
if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE))
{
// test if this is a quit
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
break;

// translate any accelerator keys
TranslateMessage(&msg);

// send the message to the window proc
DispatchMessage(&msg);
} // end if

// main game processing goes here
Game_Main();

} // end while

// closedown game here
Game_Shutdown();

// return to Windows like this
return(msg.wParam);

} // end WinMain

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Topic Locked