Original Post
I've recently started playing around with Python. I'm very attracted to its syntax, the availability of libraries like PyGame and PyUI, and its platform independence. My problem is that I am unable to figure out how to organize my .py files. My past experience is C++ and C#, so I need some pointers on how to get into the Python mindset. Here's what I have so far... main.py state.py The important bits are in the state.py file, where the main module is referenced. Of course, this doesn't work. Running the code as is, I get a "global name 'main' is not defined" error when the RETURN key is pressed. I can see a few ways to fix this: 1) Add "import main" immediately before "main.curState = ...". This solution works great, but would require me to sprinkle this statement in every method that accesses the "global" objects. 2) Remove all "global" objects from the design. If an object/method needs a reference to an object, the reference will be passed to it. In my case, the State.event() methods could take a reference to a SetState() method in main.py, which could be used to set the current state based on a given state name. The State.paint() methods could require a pygame.Surface object reference for rendering. 3) Is it possible to import an object reference from a module without actually executing the entire module? All forms of the "import" keyword seem to execute the entire module, even if it has already been executed elsewhere in the application. Which solution would be the cleanest and/or most "pythonic"? Is there a fourth solution that would work any better? Thanks in advance, - Mike
import pygame, sys, state
from pygame import *
pygame.init()
displaySurface = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
states = {
"MainMenu" : state.MenuState(),
"Action" : state.ActionState() }
curState = state.MenuState()
while True:
for e in pygame.event.get():
if e.type == QUIT:
sys.exit()
else:
curState.event(e)
displaySurface.fill((0,0,0))
curState.paint()
pygame.display.flip()
from pygame import *
class State:
def event(self, event):
pass
def paint(self):
pass
class MenuState(State):
def event(self, event):
if event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_RETURN:
main.curState = main.states["Action"]
def paint(self):
# draw stuff onto the screen (GUI, demo background, etc.)
main.displaySurface.blit(...)
class ActionState(State):
def event(self, event):
if event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_RETURN:
main.curState = main.states["MainMenu"]
def paint(self):
main.displaySurface.blit(...)
