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Platform game collision detection

Started by Yohanu Apr 5, 2010 at 4:52 AM 3 replies 4.9k views

Original Post

Apr 5, 2010 at 4:52 AM

Hello, i am currently writing a pseudo-3d* super mario bros 1 clone using lwjgl (Java), but i'm facing trouble with collision detection. I need to somehow check what direction an obstacle was hit from (jumping on enemies, destroy blocks etc), but i'm not sure how i can achieve this. I currently use the AABB-technique for all obstacles in the game world (i do 3d intersection checks for some game-features planned later on), but i'm uncertain what "logic" or design-pattern to apply for something like this. I have searched these forums, but i couldn't find anything specifically like this. Should more info be required, do reply and i will answer as quickly as i can. Any help would be appreciated, thanks. * 2d platformer but in a 3d world, all sprites being flat entities while the world is 3d blocks. Fixed camera in a "sidescrolling"-mode.

oliii

Apr 5, 2010 at 6:21 AM

for 3D boxes, you have 6 faces, so 6 potentential hit direction.

If your boxes intersect, the direction of the hit will be where the intersection along the X, Y, or Z axis are minimum.

something like that...

Quote:

bool AABBIntersect(const Vector& mina,  // min vector of boxa                   const Vector& maxa,  // max vector of boxa                    const Vector& minb,  // min vector of boxb                   const Vector& maxb,  // max vector of boxb                   Vector& ncoll,       // normal of collision.                   float& dcoll,        // depth of intersection.                   int& fcoll)          // face intersected.{    // the normal of each face.    static const Vector faces[6] =     {         Vector(-1,  0,  0), // 'left' face normal (-x direction)        Vector( 1,  0,  0), // 'right' face normal (+x direction)        Vector( 0, -1,  0), // 'bottom' face normal (-y direction)        Vector( 0,  1,  0), // 'top' face normal (+y direction)        Vector( 0,  0, -1), // 'far' face normal (-z direction)        Vector( 0,  0,  1), // 'near' face normal (+x direction)    };        // distance of collided box to the face.    float distances[6] =     {         (maxb.x - mina.x), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'left' side of 'a'.        (maxa.x - minb.x), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'right' side of 'a'.        (maxb.y - mina.y), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'bottom' side of 'a'.        (maxa.y - minb.y), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'top' side of 'a'.        (maxb.z - mina.z), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'far' side of 'a'.    }   (maxa.z - minb.z), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'near' side of 'a'.     ;    // scan each face, make sure the box intersects,    // and take the face with least amount of intersection    // as the collided face.    for(int i = 0; i < 6; i ++)    {        // box does not intersect face. So boxes don't intersect at all.        if(distances < 0.0f)             return false;        // face of least intersection depth. That's our candidate.        if((i == 0) || (distances < dcoll))         {            fcoll = i;            ncoll = faces;            dcoll = distances;        }            }    return true;}

oliii

Apr 5, 2010 at 6:31 AM

and also, to improve response, you can flag to ignore faces that are 'blocked' by other blocks.

Quote:

bool AABBIntersect(const Vector& mina,  // min vector of boxa                   const Vector& maxa,  // max vector of boxa                    const Vector& minb,  // min vector of boxb                   const Vector& maxb,  // max vector of boxb                   int   ignore_faces,  // bitfield of face indices flagged to be ignored for collision                   Vector& ncoll,       // normal of collision.                   float& dcoll,        // depth of intersection.                   int& fcoll)          // face intersected.{    // the normal of each face.    static const Vector faces[6] =     {         Vector(-1,  0,  0), // 'left' face normal (-x direction)        Vector( 1,  0,  0), // 'right' face normal (+x direction)        Vector( 0, -1,  0), // 'bottom' face normal (-y direction)        Vector( 0,  1,  0), // 'top' face normal (+y direction)        Vector( 0,  0, -1), // 'far' face normal (-z direction)        Vector( 0,  0,  1), // 'near' face normal (+x direction)    };        // distance of collided box to the face.    float distances[6] =     {         (maxb.x - mina.x), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'left' side of 'a'.        (maxa.x - minb.x), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'right' side of 'a'.        (maxb.y - mina.y), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'bottom' side of 'a'.        (maxa.y - minb.y), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'top' side of 'a'.        (maxb.z - mina.z), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'far' side of 'a'.    }   (maxa.z - minb.z), // distance of box 'b' to face on 'near' side of 'a'.     ;    // scan each face, make sure the box intersects,    // and take the face with least amount of intersection    // as the collided face.    for(int i = 0; i < 6; i ++)    {        // box does not intersect face. So boxes don't intersect at all.        if(distances < 0.0f)             return false;        // face cannot be used for collision response as it is 'blocked'.        if(ignore_faces & (1 << i))            continue;        // face of least intersection depth. That's our candidate.        if((i == 0) || (distances < dcoll))         {            fcoll = i;            ncoll = faces;            dcoll = distances;        }            }    return true;}

If you don't do something like that, your objects will hit bumps when sliding on the floor.

Lightness1024

Apr 5, 2010 at 7:08 AM

for a simple example of collision response, you always have the code of carnage engine demo:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/carnage-engine/files/
:)
its not very advanced, my system uses a "free directions" discoverer, that only works with axis +x,-x,+y,-y directions. it happens to be enough in my case.
in a general case, the good way would be that the collision manager should return contact points, and normal of contacts. then you can response with that intel.
(box2d must be doing this)

Yohanu

Apr 5, 2010 at 8:48 AM

Thanks for the replies, i ported oliii's code to Java and it works fantastic! This is much appreciated :)

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