Original Post
Hey guys,
im posting here because i encountered a problem that i cannot fix :/
Ive been following this tutorial in order to get a bit familiar with realtime rendering etc. However, after running my code i got some Access-Violations during runtime. I even copied&pasted the code from the website, since i thought that i might have something wrong that i simply dont see, but the result is the same.
Okay, let me post the code first and then the errors.
Code
[spoiler]
[/spoiler]
The errors i get after running the programm for ~ 3 sec :
im posting here because i encountered a problem that i cannot fix :/
Ive been following this tutorial in order to get a bit familiar with realtime rendering etc. However, after running my code i got some Access-Violations during runtime. I even copied&pasted the code from the website, since i thought that i might have something wrong that i simply dont see, but the result is the same.
Okay, let me post the code first and then the errors.
Code
[spoiler]
// include the basic windows header files and the Direct3D header files
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <d3d11.h>
#include <d3dx11.h>
#include <d3dx10.h>
// include the Direct3D Library file
#pragma comment (lib, "d3d11.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx11.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx10.lib")
// define the screen resolution
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 800
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 600
// global declarations
IDXGISwapChain *swapchain; // the pointer to the swap chain interface
ID3D11Device *dev; // the pointer to our Direct3D device interface
ID3D11DeviceContext *devcon; // the pointer to our Direct3D device context
ID3D11RenderTargetView *backbuffer; // the pointer to our back buffer
ID3D11InputLayout *pLayout; // the pointer to the input layout
ID3D11VertexShader *pVS; // the pointer to the vertex shader
ID3D11PixelShader *pPS; // the pointer to the pixel shader
ID3D11Buffer *pVBuffer; // the pointer to the vertex buffer
// a struct to define a single vertex
struct VERTEX{FLOAT X, Y, Z; D3DXCOLOR Color;};
// function prototypes
void InitD3D(HWND hWnd); // sets up and initializes Direct3D
void RenderFrame(void); // renders a single frame
void CleanD3D(void); // closes Direct3D and releases memory
void InitGraphics(void); // creates the shape to render
void InitPipeline(void); // loads and prepares the shaders
// the WindowProc function prototype
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
// the entry point for any Windows program
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
WNDCLASSEX wc;
ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.lpszClassName = L"WindowClass";
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
RECT wr = {0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT};
AdjustWindowRect(≀, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL,
L"WindowClass",
L"Our First Direct3D Program",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
300,
300,
wr.right - wr.left,
wr.bottom - wr.top,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
// set up and initialize Direct3D
InitD3D(hWnd);
// enter the main loop:
MSG msg;
while(TRUE)
{
if(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
if(msg.message == WM_QUIT)
break;
}
RenderFrame();
}
// clean up DirectX and COM
CleanD3D();
return msg.wParam;
}
// this is the main message handler for the program
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(message)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
} break;
}
return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
// this function initializes and prepares Direct3D for use
void InitD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
// create a struct to hold information about the swap chain
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC scd;
// clear out the struct for use
ZeroMemory(&scd, sizeof(DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC));
// fill the swap chain description struct
scd.BufferCount = 1; // one back buffer
scd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM; // use 32-bit color
scd.BufferDesc.Width = SCREEN_WIDTH; // set the back buffer width
scd.BufferDesc.Height = SCREEN_HEIGHT; // set the back buffer height
scd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT; // how swap chain is to be used
scd.OutputWindow = hWnd; // the window to be used
scd.SampleDesc.Count = 4; // how many multisamples
scd.Windowed = TRUE; // windowed/full-screen mode
scd.Flags = DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_MODE_SWITCH; // allow full-screen switching
// create a device, device context and swap chain using the information in the scd struct
D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
&scd,
&swapchain,
&dev,
NULL,
&devcon);
// get the address of the back buffer
ID3D11Texture2D *pBackBuffer;
swapchain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), (LPVOID*)&pBackBuffer);
// use the back buffer address to create the render target
dev->CreateRenderTargetView(pBackBuffer, NULL, &backbuffer);
pBackBuffer->Release();
// set the render target as the back buffer
devcon->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &backbuffer, NULL);
// Set the viewport
D3D11_VIEWPORT viewport;
ZeroMemory(&viewport, sizeof(D3D11_VIEWPORT));
viewport.TopLeftX = 0;
viewport.TopLeftY = 0;
viewport.Width = SCREEN_WIDTH;
viewport.Height = SCREEN_HEIGHT;
devcon->RSSetViewports(1, &viewport);
InitPipeline();
InitGraphics();
}
// this is the function used to render a single frame
void RenderFrame(void)
{
// clear the back buffer to a deep blue
devcon->ClearRenderTargetView(backbuffer, D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 0.2f, 0.4f, 1.0f));
// select which vertex buffer to display
UINT stride = sizeof(VERTEX);
UINT offset = 0;
devcon->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &pVBuffer, &stride, &offset);
// select which primtive type we are using
devcon->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST);
// draw the vertex buffer to the back buffer
devcon->Draw(3, 0);
// switch the back buffer and the front buffer
swapchain->Present(0, 0);
}
// this is the function that cleans up Direct3D and COM
void CleanD3D(void)
{
swapchain->SetFullscreenState(FALSE, NULL); // switch to windowed mode
// close and release all existing COM objects
pLayout->Release();
pVS->Release();
pPS->Release();
pVBuffer->Release();
swapchain->Release();
backbuffer->Release();
dev->Release();
devcon->Release();
}
// this is the function that creates the shape to render
void InitGraphics()
{
// create a triangle using the VERTEX struct
VERTEX OurVertices[] =
{
{0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, D3DXCOLOR(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f)},
{0.45f, -0.5, 0.0f, D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f)},
{-0.45f, -0.5f, 0.0f, D3DXCOLOR(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f)}
};
// create the vertex buffer
D3D11_BUFFER_DESC bd;
ZeroMemory(&bd, sizeof(bd));
bd.Usage = D3D11_USAGE_DYNAMIC; // write access access by CPU and GPU
bd.ByteWidth = sizeof(VERTEX) * 3; // size is the VERTEX struct * 3
bd.BindFlags = D3D11_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; // use as a vertex buffer
bd.CPUAccessFlags = D3D11_CPU_ACCESS_WRITE; // allow CPU to write in buffer
dev->CreateBuffer(&bd, NULL, &pVBuffer); // create the buffer
// copy the vertices into the buffer
D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE ms;
devcon->Map(pVBuffer, NULL, D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD, NULL, &ms); // map the buffer
memcpy(ms.pData, OurVertices, sizeof(OurVertices)); // copy the data
devcon->Unmap(pVBuffer, NULL); // unmap the buffer
}
// this function loads and prepares the shaders
void InitPipeline()
{
// load and compile the two shaders
ID3D10Blob *VS, *PS;
D3DX11CompileFromFile(L"shaders.hlsl", 0, 0, "VShader", "vs_5_0", 0, 0, 0, &VS, 0, 0);
D3DX11CompileFromFile(L"shaders.hlsl", 0, 0, "PShader", "ps_5_0", 0, 0, 0, &PS, 0, 0);
// encapsulate both shaders into shader objects
dev->CreateVertexShader(VS->GetBufferPointer(), VS->GetBufferSize(), NULL, &pVS);
dev->CreatePixelShader(PS->GetBufferPointer(), PS->GetBufferSize(), NULL, &pPS);
// set the shader objects
devcon->VSSetShader(pVS, 0, 0);
devcon->PSSetShader(pPS, 0, 0);
// create the input layout object
D3D11_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC ied[] =
{
{"POSITION", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT, 0, 0, D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0},
{"COLOR", 0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0, 12, D3D11_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0},
};
dev->CreateInputLayout(ied, 2, VS->GetBufferPointer(), VS->GetBufferSize(), &pLayout);
devcon->IASetInputLayout(pLayout);
}[/spoiler]
The errors i get after running the programm for ~ 3 sec :
Untreated exception at 0x663c11c2 in DCX11_2.exe: 0xC0000005: Accesviolation reading at position 0x00000198.[/quote]
Below( i dont know what it is, the lable says " auto" ) there are 2 things listed :
D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST 4 int[/quote]
and
devcon 0x00ca66f0 ID3D11DeviceContext * ( in red ) . [/quote]
The last call on the Call stack :
> DCX11_2.exe!RenderFrame() line 201 + 0x19 Bytes [/quote]
Which is nothing else than the functiondevcon->Draw(3, 0);[/quote] in RenderFrame().
One thing that doesnt "feel" right to me, is the "Shaders.hlsl"-thing. I had to use Pixel and Vertexshader in order to render ( as the tutorial says) and were given the Shader-code by the tutorial :
struct VOut
{
float4 position : SV_POSITION;
float4 color : COLOR;
};
VOut VShader(float4 position : POSITION, float4 color : COLOR)
{
VOut output;
output.position = position;
output.color = color;
return output;
}
float4 PShader(float4 position : SV_POSITION, float4 color : COLOR) : SV_TARGET
{
return color;
}
I have no idea how to read this code, the tutorial says that it's going to teach how to in the next step.
I saved this code as "Shaders.hlsl" under .../Documents/visual studios 2010/Projects/MyProjectName/MyProjectName
I don't know if these Shaders are the problem. I absolutely have no idea how to deal with Acces-violation errors, they're a total mystery for me.
At this point i would like to thank you for reading through all this and i hope that someone of you guys knows how to fix this.
Thanks in advance !
Regards
-Felix-
