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Problems with textures: environment mapping and object linear textures

Started by Lorenzo Romero Guidi Apr 2, 2012 at 2:18 PM 8 replies 2.5k views

Original Post

Apr 2, 2012 at 2:18 PM

I'm making a 3d car racing games with OpenGL/SDL.
The base core I started from was a simple formula1 car with some textures: environment(sphere) mapping for the skeleton and object linear texture mapping for the wheels.
I add a simple .off track and texture it with a simple 2d road texture with automatic generation of s and t using GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S&T, and setting s and t wraps at GL_REPEAT.
The track's texture renders with problems if I also render car's textures. I don't know how can I modify car's textures code to render track texture not distorted (it renders like lines of different gradients of track's texture color, not like a repetition of the texture I map).
If you need code, ask.
Thanks.

Adam West

Apr 4, 2012 at 7:41 AM

can you please post the code here using the codeBB youll find it in the post widget. it sounds like you need to add a few more aprameters to your texturing process, but im not entirely sure without having a look at your code

Lorenzo Romero Guidi

Apr 4, 2012 at 9:01 PM

File car.cpp:


 GLenum minfilter = GL_NEAREST;
 GLenum magfilter = GL_NEAREST;
 GLenum env = GL_MODULATE;
 GLenum wraps = GL_REPEAT;
 GLenum wrapt = GL_REPEAT;
 extern bool useEnvmap;
 
 ....
 
 // Funzione che prepara tutto per usare un env map
 void SetupEnvmapTexture()
 {
 // facciamo binding con la texture 1
 glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,1);
 
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S); // abilito la generazione automatica delle coord texture S e T
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T);
 glTexGeni(GL_S, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE , GL_SPHERE_MAP); // Env map
 glTexGeni(GL_T, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE , GL_SPHERE_MAP);
 glColor3f(1,1,1); // metto il colore neutro (viene moltiplicato col colore texture, componente per componente)
 glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); // disabilito il lighting OpenGL standard (lo faccio con la texture)
 }
 
 // funzione che prepara tutto per creare le coordinate tessitura (s,t) da (x,y,z)
 // Mappo l'intervallo [ minY , maxY ] nell'intervallo delle T [0..1]
 // e l'intervallo [ minZ , maxZ ] nell'intervallo delle S [0..1]
 void SetupWheelTexture(Point3 min, Point3 max)
 {
 glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,0);
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 
 // ulilizzo le coordinate OGGETTO
 // cioe' le coordnate originali, PRIMA della moltiplicazione per la ModelView
 // in modo che la texture sia "attaccata" all'oggetto, e non "proiettata" su esso
 glTexGeni(GL_S, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE , GL_OBJECT_LINEAR);
 glTexGeni(GL_T, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE , GL_OBJECT_LINEAR);
 float sz=1.0/(max.Z() - min.Z());
 float ty=1.0/(max.Y() - min.Y());
 float s[4]={0,0,sz, - min.Z()*sz };
 float t[4]={0,ty,0, - min.Y()*ty };
 glTexGenfv(GL_S, GL_OBJECT_PLANE, s);
 glTexGenfv(GL_T, GL_OBJECT_PLANE, t);
 }
 
 .....
 
 void Car::RenderAllParts(bool usecolor) const
 {
 // disegna la carliga con una mesh
 glPushMatrix();
 glScalef(-0.05,0.05,-0.05); // patch: riscaliamo la mesh di 1/10
 glTranslatef(px,-wheelBR1.bbmin.Y()+0.5,0);
 if (!useEnvmap)
 {
 if (usecolor)
 glColor3f(1,0,0); // colore rosso, da usare con Lighting
 }
 else
 {
 if (usecolor);
 SetupEnvmapTexture();
 }
 carlinga.RenderNxV(); // rendering delle mesh carlinga usando normali per vertice
 if (usecolor) glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
 
 for (int i=0; i<2; i++)
 {
 // i==0 -> disegno ruote destre.
 // i==1 -> disegno ruote sinistre.
 int sign;
 if (i==0) sign=1; else sign=-1;
 glPushMatrix();
 if (i==1)
 {
 glTranslatef(0,+wheelFR1.Center().Y(), 0);
 glRotatef(180, 0,0,1 );
 glTranslatef(0,-wheelFR1.Center().Y(), 0);
 }
 
 glTranslate( wheelFR1.Center() );
 glRotatef( sign*sterzo,0,1,0);
 glRotatef(-sign*mozzoA,1,0,0);
 glTranslate( -wheelFR1.Center() );
 
 if (usecolor)
 {
 glColor3f(.6,.6,.6);
 SetupWheelTexture(wheelFR1.bbmin,wheelFR1.bbmax);
 }
 wheelFR1.RenderNxF(); // la ruota viene meglio FLAT SHADED - normali per faccia
 // provare x credere
 glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 if (usecolor) glColor3f(0.9,0.9,0.9);
 wheelFR2.RenderNxV();
 glPopMatrix();
 
 glPushMatrix();
 
 if (i==1)
 {
 glTranslatef(0,+wheelBR1.Center().Y(), 0);
 glRotatef(180, 0,0,1 );
 glTranslatef(0,-wheelBR1.Center().Y(), 0);
 }
 glTranslate( wheelBR1.Center() );
 glRotatef(-sign*mozzoA,1,0,0);
 glTranslate( -wheelBR1.Center() );
 if (usecolor)
 {
 glColor3f(.6,.6,.6);
 SetupWheelTexture(wheelBR1.bbmin,wheelBR1.bbmax);
 }
 wheelBR1.RenderNxF();
 glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 if (usecolor)
 glColor3f(0.9,0.9,0.9);
 wheelBR2.RenderNxV();
 glPopMatrix();
 }
 
 glPopMatrix();
 }
 
 ......
 
 // disegna a schermo
 void Car::Render() const
 {
 // sono nello spazio mondo
 
 drawAxis(); // disegno assi spazio mondo
 glPushMatrix();
 
 glTranslatef(px,py,pz);
 glRotatef(facing, 0,1,0);
 
 // sono nello spazio MACCHINA
 drawAxis(); // disegno assi spazio macchina
 
 //fari auto
 DrawHeadlight(-0.3,0,-1, 0); // accendi faro sinistro
 DrawHeadlight(+0.3,0,-1, 1); // accendi faro destro
 
 RenderAllParts(true); 
 
 // ombra!
 glColor3f(0.4,0.4,0.4); // colore fisso
 glTranslatef(0,0.045,0); // alzo l'ombra di un epsilon per evitare z-fighting con il pavimento
 glScalef(1.01,0,1.01); // appiattisco sulla Y, ingrandisco dell'1% sulla Z e sulla X 
 glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); // niente lighing per l'ombra
 RenderAllParts(false); // disegno la macchina appiattita
 
 glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
 
 glPopMatrix(); 
 
 glPopMatrix();
 }
 
 void SetRoadTexture()
 {
 glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,2);
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S);
 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T);
 
 glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
 glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
 glColor3f(1,1,1); // metto il colore neutro (viene moltiplicato col colore texture, componente per componente)
 glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); // disabilito il lighting OpenGL standard (lo faccio con la texture)
 }
 
 void Circuit::Render() const
 {
 glPushMatrix();
 glRotatef(90.0,-1,0,0); // glRotatef(90.0,-1,0,0);
 glRotatef(90.0,0,0,-1); // glRotatef(90.0,0,0,-1);
 glTranslatef(-130.0,-252.5,0.004); //glTranslatef(195.0,-230.0,0.004);
 glScalef(63.0,36.0,1.0); //glScalef(26.0,42.0,1.0);
 SetRoadTexture();
 road.RenderNxV();
 glPopMatrix();
 }

File main.cpp


 
 ......
 
 bool LoadTexture(int textbind,char *filename)
 {
 SDL_Surface *s = IMG_Load(filename);
 if (!s) return false;
 
 glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textbind);
 gluBuild2DMipmaps(
 GL_TEXTURE_2D,
 GL_RGB,
 s->w, s->h,
 GL_RGB,
 GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
 s->pixels
 );
 glTexParameteri(
 GL_TEXTURE_2D,
 GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,
 GL_NEAREST ); //GL_LINEAR
 glTexParameteri(
 GL_TEXTURE_2D,
 GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,
 GL_LINEAR ); //GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR
 return true;
 }
 
 ......
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
 
 .......
 
 glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
 glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
 glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
 glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE); // opengl, per favore, rinormalizza le normali
 // prima di usarle
 glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
 glFrontFace(GL_CW); // consideriamo Front Facing le facce ClockWise
 glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
 glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
 glEnable(GL_POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL); // caro openGL sposta i
 // frammenti generati dalla
 // rasterizzazione poligoni
 glPolygonOffset(1,1); // indietro di 1
 
 if (!LoadTexture(0,"textures/logo.jpg")) return 0;
 if (!LoadTexture(1,"textures/envmap_flipped.jpg")) return 0;
 if (!LoadTexture(2,"textures/road.jpg")) return 0;
 
 ....... (renders of car(and wheels) and circuit)
 
 }

Adam West

Apr 5, 2012 at 11:36 AM

i would recommend putting the texture loader into a class so you can multi-thread your objects with different texture objects.
very simple and efficient, plus your textures wont get mixed up. if your lazy with a texture loader, you shoul dtry out SOIL, http://www.lonesock.net/soil.html. i use it and its really awesome

Lorenzo Romero Guidi

Apr 5, 2012 at 12:27 PM

i would recommend putting the texture loader into a class so you can multi-thread your objects with different texture objects.
very simple and efficient, plus your textures wont get mixed up. if your lazy with a texture loader, you shoul dtry out SOIL, http://www.lonesock.net/soil.html. i use it and its really awesome

So I have to put the LoadTexture function in a Class TextureLoader, and add a textureLoader object in every object of the 3d game so I can call LoadTexture inside the object I like to texture? And this won't get textures mixed up? Sorry and thanks.

InvalidPointer

Apr 5, 2012 at 1:31 PM

You could, though I'm not really sure what that has to do with multithreading, anyways. GL contexts are, as far as I am aware, entirely thread-unsafe, and I don't know if your image loader(s) use any static/global variables. So long as everything's contained to stack variables and OS calls you'd be fine so long as the GL state modifications are kept to one thread.

On-topic: Got some screenshots? I'm not quite visualizing what you're getting here.

Lorenzo Romero Guidi

Apr 6, 2012 at 11:23 AM

This is what I should get.

[attachment=8061:What I Should Get.png]

And this is what I got.

[attachment=8062:What I Got.png]

While the game begins, it renders like it should be, but a second later and all the following rendering loops, it renders badly. And I don't understand why.

InvalidPointer

Apr 6, 2012 at 10:29 PM

I don't see you changing the texturing behavior back in your SetRoadTexture() function, and I'd bet good money that this is your problem.

EDIT: Or at least part of it.

EDIT 2: And unless you have strong reason to (read: hardware flat out doesn't support it) I'd definitely suggest the absolutely archaic fixed-function graphics pipeline and using shaders.

Lorenzo Romero Guidi

Apr 7, 2012 at 2:16 AM

I don't see you changing the texturing behavior back in your SetRoadTexture() function, and I'd bet good money that this is your problem.

EDIT: Or at least part of it.

EDIT 2: And unless you have strong reason to (read: hardware flat out doesn't support it) I'd definitely suggest the absolutely archaic fixed-function graphics pipeline and using shaders.

I'm making this game for my last university exam so I'm not interested to obtain a beautiful work, but a good work taking also care of the time passed on it. So I'll try shader implementation only if it's not possible to obtain what I like without it.
Sorry but I'm a deb to 3d game programming and also in set textures, so can you please tell me what's wrong with the texturing behavior of my road texture and what I should add/change to get what I like?
Thank you very much and sorry again!
Sorry also for my not perfect english, five years since last english lesson! :-)

Yours3!f

Apr 7, 2012 at 6:43 PM

probably rendering the road fais because you set some texturing parameters that modify the texturing of the road as well. For example when you render the road you enable texture coordinate generation but you don't set the mode, so the mode is what is currently set. Try using it with object linear. You can check if you loaded the texture correctly with gDEBugger.

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