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"undefined reference to"

Started by ysg Sep 17, 2013 at 1:30 PM 1 replies 2.9k views
Original Post
ysg
ysg
Hi, I'm running this in Ubuntu 13.04. This is my compiler version: 
$ g++ --version
g++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.7.3-1ubuntu1) 4.7.3
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
This is the error that I'm getting (and I'm not sure why): 
$ g++ main.cpp main.h shape.cpp shape.h tetris.cpp tetris.h board.cpp board.h `wx-config --libs` `wx-config --cxxflags` -o main
/tmp/ccXvWFjZ.o: In function `Shape::RotateLeft() const':
shape.cpp:(.text+0x29d): undefined reference to `Shape::y(int) const'
shape.cpp:(.text+0x2b3): undefined reference to `Shape::SetX(int, int)'
shape.cpp:(.text+0x2c5): undefined reference to `Shape::x(int) const'
shape.cpp:(.text+0x2dd): undefined reference to `Shape::SetY(int, int)'
/tmp/ccXvWFjZ.o: In function `Shape::RotateRight() const':
shape.cpp:(.text+0x3b3): undefined reference to `Shape::y(int) const'
shape.cpp:(.text+0x3cb): undefined reference to `Shape::SetX(int, int)'
shape.cpp:(.text+0x3dd): undefined reference to `Shape::x(int) const'
shape.cpp:(.text+0x3f3): undefined reference to `Shape::SetY(int, int)'
/tmp/ccXSXGaN.o: In function `Board::OnPaint(wxPaintEvent&)':
board.cpp:(.text+0x62f): undefined reference to `Shape::GetShape() const'
board.cpp:(.text+0x66f): undefined reference to `Shape::x(int) const'
board.cpp:(.text+0x69b): undefined reference to `Shape::y(int) const'
board.cpp:(.text+0x6b3): undefined reference to `Shape::GetShape() const'
/tmp/ccXSXGaN.o: In function `Board::OnKeyDown(wxKeyEvent&)':
board.cpp:(.text+0x780): undefined reference to `Shape::GetShape() const'
/tmp/ccXSXGaN.o: In function `Board::PieceDropped()':
board.cpp:(.text+0xaee): undefined reference to `Shape::x(int) const'
board.cpp:(.text+0xb14): undefined reference to `Shape::y(int) const'
board.cpp:(.text+0xb48): undefined reference to `Shape::GetShape() const'
/tmp/ccXSXGaN.o: In function `Board::TryMove(Shape const&, int, int)':
board.cpp:(.text+0xeac): undefined reference to `Shape::x(int) const'
board.cpp:(.text+0xec8): undefined reference to `Shape::y(int) const'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
This is the code listed: shape.h: 
#ifndef __SHAPE_H__
#define __SHAPE_H__

#include 
#include 

using namespace std;

enum Tetrominoes { NoShape, ZShape, SShape, LineShape, TShape, SquareShape,
  LShape, MirroredLShape };

class Shape
{
public:
  Shape();

  void SetShape(Tetrominoes shape);
  void SetRandomShape();
  Tetrominoes GetShape() const;
  int x(int index) const;
  int y(int index) const;
  int MinX() const;
  int MinY() const;
  int MaxX() const;
  int MaxY() const;
  Shape RotateLeft() const;
  Shape RotateRight() const;

private:
  void SetX(int index, int x);
  void SetY(int index, int y);

  Tetrominoes pieceShape;

  int coords[4][2];
};

#endif
shape.cpp: 
#include "shape.h"

Shape::Shape()
{
  this -> SetShape(NoShape);
}

void Shape::SetShape(Tetrominoes shape)
{
  static const int coordsTable[8][4][2] =
  {
    { {0, 0},   {0, 0},  {0, 0},  {0, 0} },
    { {0, -1},  {0, 0},  {-1, 0}, {-1, 1} },
    { {0, -1},  {0, 0},  {1, 0},  {1, 1} },
    { {0, -1},  {0, 0},  {0, 1},  {0, 2} },
    { {-1, 0},  {0, 0},  {1, 0},  {0, 1} },
    { {0, 0},   {1, 0},  {0, 1},  {1, 1} },
    { {-1, -1}, {0, -1}, {0, 0},  {0, 1} },
    { {1, -1},  {0, -1}, {0, 0},  {0, 1} }
  };

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
    {
      coords[i][j] = coordsTable[shape][i][j];
    }
  }

  pieceShape = shape;
}

void Shape::SetRandomShape()
{
  int x = rand() % 7 + 1;
  SetShape(Tetrominoes(x));
}

int Shape::MinX() const
{
  int m = coords[0][0];

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    m = min(m, coords[i][0]);
  }

  return m;
}

int Shape::MaxX() const
{
  int m = coords[0][0];

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    m = max(m, coords[i][0]);
  }

  return m;
}

int Shape::MinY() const
{
  int m = coords[0][1];

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    m = min(m, coords[i][1]);
  }

  return m;
}

int Shape::MaxY() const
{
  int m = coords[0][1];

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    m = max(m, coords[i][1]);
  }

  return m;
}

Shape Shape::RotateLeft() const
{
  if (SquareShape == pieceShape)
  {
    return ( * this);
  }

  Shape result;
  result.pieceShape = pieceShape;

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    result.SetX(i, y(i));
    result.SetY(i, -x(i));
  }

  return result;
}

Shape Shape::RotateRight() const
{
  if (SquareShape == pieceShape)
  {
    return ( * this);
  }

  Shape result;
  result.pieceShape = pieceShape;

  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    result.SetX(i, -y(i));
    result.SetY(i, x(i));
  }

  return result;
}
board.h: 
#ifndef __BOARD_H__
#define __BOARD_H__

#include "shape.h"

#include 

class Board : public wxPanel
{
public:
  Board(wxFrame * parent);

  void Start();
  void Pause();
  void linesRemovedChanged(int numLines);

protected:
  void OnPaint(wxPaintEvent & event);
  void OnKeyDown(wxKeyEvent & event);
  void OnTimer(wxCommandEvent & event);

private:
  enum { BoardWidth = 10, BoardHeight = 22 };

  Tetrominoes & ShapeAt(int x, int y);

  int SquareWidth();
  int SquareHeight();
  void ClearBoard();
  void DropDown();
  void OneLineDown();
  void PieceDropped();
  void RemoveFullLines();
  void NewPiece();
  bool TryMove(const Shape & newPiece, int newX, int newY);
  void DrawSquare(wxPaintDC & dc, int x, int y, Tetrominoes shape);

  wxTimer * timer;

  bool isStarted;
  bool isPaused;
  bool isFallingFinished;

  Shape curPiece;

  int curX;
  int curY;
  int numLinesRemoved;

  Tetrominoes board[BoardWidth * BoardHeight];

  wxStatusBar * m_stsbar;
};

#endif
board.cpp: 
#include "board.h"

Board::Board(wxFrame * parent)
  : wxPanel(parent, wxID_ANY, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxBORDER_NONE)
{
  timer = new wxTimer(this, 1);

  m_stsbar = parent -> GetStatusBar();

  isFallingFinished = false;
  isStarted = false;
  isPaused = false;

  numLinesRemoved = 0;
  curX = 0;
  curY = 0;

  ClearBoard();

  Connect(wxEVT_PAINT, wxPaintEventHandler(Board::OnPaint));
  Connect(wxEVT_KEY_DOWN, wxKeyEventHandler(Board::OnKeyDown));
  Connect(wxEVT_TIMER, wxCommandEventHandler(Board::OnTimer));
}

int Board::SquareWidth()
{
  return GetClientSize().GetWidth() / BoardWidth;
}

int Board::SquareHeight()
{
  return GetClientSize().GetHeight() / BoardHeight;
}

Tetrominoes & Board::ShapeAt(int x, int y)
{
  return board[(y * BoardWidth) + x];
}

void Board::Start()
{
  if (isPaused)
  {
    return;
  }

  isStarted = true;
  isFallingFinished = false;
  numLinesRemoved = 0;
  ClearBoard();

  NewPiece();
  timer -> Start(300, wxTIMER_CONTINUOUS);
}

void Board::Pause()
{
  if (!isPaused)
  {
    return;
  }

  isPaused = !isPaused;

  if (isPaused)
  {
    timer -> Stop();
    m_stsbar -> SetStatusText(wxT("paused"));
  }
  else
  {
    timer -> Start(300, wxTIMER_CONTINUOUS);
    wxString str;
    str.Printf(wxT("%d"), numLinesRemoved);
    m_stsbar -> SetStatusText(str);
  }

  Refresh();
}

void Board::OnPaint(wxPaintEvent & event)
{
  wxPaintDC dc(this);

  wxSize size = GetClientSize();
  int boardTop = size.GetHeight() - BoardHeight * SquareHeight();

  for (int i = 0; i < BoardHeight; ++i)
  {
    for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j)
    {
      Tetrominoes shape = ShapeAt(j, BoardHeight - i - 1);

      if (shape != NoShape)
      {
        DrawSquare(dc, 0 + j * SquareWidth(), boardTop + i * SquareHeight(),
          shape);
      }
    }
  }

  if (curPiece.GetShape() != NoShape)
  {
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    {
      int x = curX + curPiece.x(i);
      int y = curY + curPiece.y(i);

      DrawSquare(dc, 0 + x * SquareWidth(),
        boardTop + (BoardHeight - y - 1) * SquareHeight(),
        curPiece.GetShape());
    }
  }
}

void Board::OnKeyDown(wxKeyEvent & event)
{
  if (NoShape == (!isStarted || curPiece.GetShape()))
  {
    event.Skip();

    return;
  }

  int keycode = event.GetKeyCode();

  if ('p' == keycode || 'P' == keycode)
  {
    Pause();

    return;
  }

  if (isPaused)
  {
    return;
  }

  switch (keycode)
  {
  case WXK_LEFT:
    TryMove(curPiece, curX - 1, curY);

    break;

  case WXK_RIGHT:
    TryMove(curPiece, curX + 1, curY);

    break;

  case WXK_DOWN:
    TryMove(curPiece.RotateRight(), curX, curY);

    break;

  case WXK_UP:
    TryMove(curPiece.RotateLeft(), curX, curY);

    break;

  case WXK_SPACE:
    DropDown();

    break;

  case 'd':
    OneLineDown();

    break;

  case 'D':
    OneLineDown();

    break;

  default:
    event.Skip();
  };
}

void Board::OnTimer(wxCommandEvent & event)
{
  if (isFallingFinished)
  {
    isFallingFinished = false;
    NewPiece();
  }
  else
  {
    OneLineDown();
  }
}

void Board::ClearBoard()
{
  for (int i = 0; i < BoardHeight * BoardWidth; ++i)
  {
    board[i] = NoShape;
  }
}

void Board::DropDown()
{
  int newY = curY;

  while (newY > 0)
  {
    if (!TryMove(curPiece, curX, newY - 1))
    {
      break;
    }

    --newY;
  }

  PieceDropped();
}

void Board::OneLineDown()
{
  if (!TryMove(curPiece, curX, curY - 1))
  {
    PieceDropped();
  }
}

void Board::PieceDropped()
{
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    int x = curX + curPiece.x(i);
    int y = curY - curPiece.y(i);

    ShapeAt(x, y) = curPiece.GetShape();
  }

  RemoveFullLines();

  if (!isFallingFinished)
  {
    NewPiece();
  }
}

void Board::RemoveFullLines()
{
  int numFullLines = 0;

  for (int i = BoardHeight - 1; i >= 0; --i)
  {
    bool lineIsFull = true;

    for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j)
    {
      if (ShapeAt(j, i) == NoShape)
      {
        lineIsFull = false;

        break;
      }
    }

    if (lineIsFull)
    {
      ++numFullLines;

      for (int k = i; k < BoardHeight - 1; ++k)
      {
        for (int j = 0; j < BoardWidth; ++j)
        {
          ShapeAt(j, k) = ShapeAt(j, k + 1);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (numFullLines > 0)
  {
    numLinesRemoved += numFullLines;
    wxString str;
    str.Printf(wxT("%d"), numLinesRemoved);
    m_stsbar -> SetStatusText(str);

    isFallingFinished = true;
    curPiece.SetShape(NoShape);
    Refresh();
  }
}

void Board::NewPiece()
{
  curPiece.SetRandomShape();
  curX = BoardWidth / 2 + 1;
  curY = BoardHeight - 1 + curPiece.MinY();

  if (!TryMove(curPiece, curX, curY))
  {
    curPiece.SetShape(NoShape);
    timer -> Stop();
    isStarted = false;
    m_stsbar -> SetStatusText(wxT("Game Over"));
  }
}

bool Board::TryMove(const Shape & newPiece, int newX, int newY)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
  {
    int x = newX + newPiece.x(i);
    int y = newY + newPiece.y(i);

    if (x < 0 || x >= BoardWidth || y < 0 || y >= BoardHeight)
    {
      return false;
    }

    if (ShapeAt(x, y) != NoShape)
    {
      return false;
    }
  }

  curPiece = newPiece;
  curX = newX;
  curY = newY;

  Refresh();

  return true;
}

void Board::DrawSquare(wxPaintDC & dc, int x, int y, Tetrominoes shape)
{
  static wxColour colors [] = { wxColour(0, 0, 0), wxColour(204, 102, 102),
    wxColour(102, 204, 102), wxColour(102, 102, 204), wxColour(204, 204, 102),
    wxColour(204, 102, 204), wxColour(102, 204, 204), wxColour(218, 170, 0) };
  static wxColour light [] = { wxColour(0, 0, 0), wxColour(248, 159, 171),
    wxColour(121, 252, 121), wxColour(121, 121, 252), wxColour(252, 252, 121),
    wxColour(252, 121, 252), wxColour(121, 252, 252), wxColour(252, 198, 0) };
  static wxColour dark [] = { wxColour(0, 0, 0), wxColour(128, 59, 59),
    wxColour(59, 128, 59), wxColour(59, 59, 128), wxColour(128, 128, 59),
    wxColour(128, 59, 128), wxColour(59, 128, 128), wxColour(128, 98, 0) };

  wxPen pen(light[int(shape)]);
  pen.SetCap(wxCAP_PROJECTING);
  dc.SetPen(pen);

  dc.DrawLine(x, y + SquareHeight() - 1, x, y);
  dc.DrawLine(x, y, x + SquareWidth() - 1, y);

  wxPen darkpen(dark[int(shape)]);
  darkpen.SetCap(wxCAP_PROJECTING);
  dc.SetPen(darkpen);

  dc.DrawLine(x + 1, y + SquareHeight() - 1, x + SquareWidth() - 1,
    y + SquareHeight() - 1);
  dc.DrawLine(x + SquareWidth() - 1, y + SquareHeight() - 1,
    x + SquareWidth() - 1, y + 1);

  dc.SetPen( * wxTRANSPARENT_PEN);
  dc.SetBrush(wxBrush(colors[int(shape)]));
  dc.DrawRectangle(x + 1, y + 1, SquareWidth() - 2, SquareHeight() - 2);
}
tetris.h: 
#ifndef __TETRIS_H__
#define __TETRIS_H__

#include "board.h"

class Tetris : public wxFrame
{
public:
  Tetris(const wxString & title);
};

#endif
tetris.cpp: 
#include "tetris.h"

Tetris::Tetris(const wxString & title)
  : wxFrame(NULL, wxID_ANY, title, wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(180, 380))
{
  wxStatusBar * sb = CreateStatusBar();
  sb -> SetStatusText(wxT("0"));

  Board * board = new Board(this);
  board -> SetFocus();
  board -> Start();
}
main.h: 
#ifndef __MAIN_H__
#define __MAIN_H__

#include "tetris.h"

class MyApp : public wxApp
{
public:
  virtual bool OnInit();
};

#endif
main.cpp: 
#include "main.h"

IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)

bool MyApp::OnInit()
{
  srand(time(NULL));

  Tetris * tetris = new Tetris(wxT("Tetris"));
  tetris -> Centre();
  tetris -> Show(true);

  return true;
}
Brother Bob
Brother Bob

There's no code for the functions mentioned in the error messages.

ysg
ysg

There's no code for the functions mentioned in the error messages.

Yes! I was forgot about that... yeah, my bad here.

Also, why do I keep seeing HTML formatted text in my posts? How do I turn it off?

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